Thursday, December 31, 2015

Nibley quote for Book of Mormon Lesson #2

Hugh Nibley
"One thing the reader of the Book of Mormon is never allowed to forget is that the Nephites lived in a polarized world, in which they were perpetually engaged either in hot or cold wars with the Lamanites. Their basic problem was one of survival; security was an obsession with them...the Nephites had by all human standards ample cause for alarm. Yet from the beginning they received full assurance that God had purposely arranged things that way, and that they had absolutely nothing to fear as long as they behaved themselves. God intended that the Nephites should have hostile Lamanites breathing down their necks: 'I will curse them even with a sore curse, and they shall have no power over thy seed except they shall rebel against me also. And if it so be that they rebel against me, they shall be as a scourge unto thy seed, to stir them up in the ways of remembrance' (1 Nephi 2:23-24).
"So it was a blessing to the Nephites after all to have the Lamanites on their doorstep to 'stir them up to remembrance'-'Happy is the man whom God correcteth' (Job 5:17). No matter how wicked and ferocious and depraved the Lamanites might be (and they were that!), no matter by how much they outnumbered the Nephites, darkly closing in on all sides, no matter how insidiously they spied and intrigued and infiltrated and hatched their diabolical plots and breathed their bloody threats and pushed their formidable preparations for all-out war, they were not the Nephite problem. They were merely kept there to remind the Nephites of their real problem, which was to walk uprightly before the Lord." (Since Cumorah, 2nd ed., pp. 338-9.)

Sunday, December 20, 2015

Book of Mormon #1—Alison for 27 Dec 2015

“The Keystone of our Religion”

Ponderize Scripture: “And we also know that [the plates] have been translated by the gift and power of God, for his voice hath declared it unto us; wherefore we know of a surety that the work is true” (Testimony of the Three Witnesses).

Introduction

Joseph Smith: “I told the brethren that the Book of Mormon was the most correct of any book on earth, and the keystone of our religion, and a man would get nearer to God by abiding by its precepts, than by any other book” (History of the Church, 4:461). He affirmed that it contains “the fullness of the everlasting Gospel as delivered by the Savior.”[1]

Elder Holland : the Book of Mormon “should be considered the most remarkable and important religious text to be revealed since the writings of the New Testament were compiled [over] two millennia ago. Indeed, in its role of restoring plain and precious biblical truths that had been lost, while adding scores of new truths about Jesus Christ and preparing the way for the complete restoration of his gospel and the triumphant day of his millennial return, the Book of Mormon may be considered the most remarkable and important religious text ever given to the world” (Christ and the New Covenant [1997], 9–10).

Marilyn Arnold: "with each reading [of the Book of Mormon] it almost magically expands to meet my increased ability to comprehend it.

My suggested theme for this year’s study of the Book of Mormon is “the fullness of the everlasting Gospel.” Pres. Benson said, “The Lord Himself has stated that the Book of Mormon contains the ‘fulness of the gospel of Jesus Christ’ (D&C 20:9). That does not mean it contains every teaching, every doctrine ever revealed. Rather, it means that in the Book of Mormon we will find the fulness of those doctrines required for our salvation. And they are taught plainly and simply so that even children can learn the ways of salvation and exaltation” (Ensign, Nov. 1986, 6). It is my hope that as we study together we will come to understand what this term means and how it applies to our lives. The Book of Mormon Institute Manual tells us that the Book of Mormon testifies: “[1] of Jesus Christ’s divinity and the [2] reality of His Atonement. Furthermore, the Book of Mormon [3] reaffirms God’s covenant with the house of Israel and [4] demonstrates the need for us to make and keep sacred covenants. By prayerfully studying this volume of scripture, you will [5] gain depth and power in your testimony of the gospel of Jesus Christ and its Restoration to the earth in the latter days.”[2] This introductory lesson gives us some insights into the truths revealed in the Book of Mormon and provides, if you will, a roadmap for our study. One last thing before we get into the lesson material, if you haven’t read lesson 24 from the Ezra Taft Benson manual, please do. This is a wonderful insight into how the Book of Mormon teaches of Christ and how we can emulate Him. Here’s how it starts, so you can find it easily: “Let us turn again to the Book of Mormon … to learn some principles about coming unto Christ, being committed to Him, centered in Him, and consumed in Him. We will quote but a few of the numerous passages on the matter.”[3]
This year, I should like to have your input on what you want to gain from your study of the Book of Mormon. So for this first lesson, I am not going to offer any personal insights. We will go through as much of the assigned material as possible, and I will, as usual, offer quotes from General Authorities and others (you cannot study the Book of Mormon and ignore Hugh Nibley), but I should like to hear from you, either in the comments to this blog or in the lesson itself what you want to gain from this year of study before choosing a direction for the blog.

1. The Book of Mormon is the keystone of our religion.

Elder Faust: “One dictionary defines keystone as ‘the central wedge-shaped stone of an arch that locks its parts together.’ A secondary definition is ‘the central supporting element of a whole.’ The Book of Mormon is a keystone because it establishes and ties together eternal principles and precepts, rounding out basic doctrines of salvation. It is the crowning gem in the diadem of our holy scriptures.
It is a keystone for other reasons also. In the promise of Moroni previously referred to—namely, that God will manifest the truth of the Book of Mormon to every sincere inquirer having faith in Christ —we have a key link in a self-locking chain.”[4]

Elder Oaks: “What we get from a book, especially a sacred text, is mostly dependent on what we take to its reading—in desire and readiness to learn, and in attunement to the light communicated by the Spirit of the Lord” (Ensign, May 2006, 77).

2. Many witnesses have testified of the Book of Mormon.
Ether 5:2–4, Testimony of the Three and Eight Witnesses
Hugh Nibley: “Critics of the Book of Mormon often remark sarcastically that it is a great pity that the golden plates have disappeared, since they would very conveniently prove Joseph Smith’s story. They would do nothing of the sort. The presence of the plates would only prove that there were plates, no more: it would not prove that Nephites wrote them, or that an angel brought them, or that they had been translated by the gift and power of God; and we can be sure that scholars would quarrel about the writing on them for generations without coming to any agreement, exactly as they did about the writings of Homer and parts of the Bible. The possession of the plates would have a very disruptive effect, and it would prove virtually nothing. On the other hand, a far more impressive claim is put forth when the whole work is given to the world in what is claimed to be a divinely inspired translation—in such a text any cause or pretext for disagreement and speculation about the text is reduced to an absolute minimum: it is a text which all the world can read and understand, and is a far more miraculous object than any gold plates would be.”[5]

Emma Smith: “When my husband was translating the Book of Mormon, I wrote a part of it, as he dictated each sentence, word for word, and when he came to proper names he could not pronounce, or long words, he spelled them out, and while I was writing them, if I made any mistake in spelling, he would stop me and correct my spelling although it was impossible for him to see how I was writing them down at the time. Even the word Sarah he could not pronounce at first, but had to spell it, and I would pronounce it for him. When he stopped for any purpose at any time he would, when he commenced again, begin where he left off without any hesitation, and one time while he was translating he stopped suddenly, pale as a sheet, and said, ‘Emma, did Jerusalem have walls around it?’ When I answered, ‘Yes,’ he replied, ‘Oh! [I didn’t know]. I was afraid I had been deceived.’ He had such a limited knowledge of history at that time that he did not even know that Jerusalem was surrounded by walls.’ (Edmund C. Briggs, ‘A Visit to Nauvoo in 1856,’ Journal of History, Jan. 1916, p. 454).

3. The Book of Mormon was written for our day.

Pres. Benson: “The Book of Mormon … was written for our day. The Nephites never had the book; neither did the Lamanites of ancient times. It was meant for us. … Each of the major writers of the Book of Mormon testified that he wrote for future generations. … If they saw our day and chose those things which would be of greatest worth to us, is not that how we should study the Book of Mormon? We should constantly ask ourselves, ‘Why did the Lord inspire Mormon (or Moroni or Alma) to include that in his record? What lesson can I learn from that to help me live in this day and age?’” (Ensign, Nov. 1986, 6).

Elder Perry: “The major writers of the Book of Mormon fully understood that their writings were primarily for the people of a future generation rather than for the people of their own generation. Moroni wrote to our generation, ‘I speak unto you as if ye were present’ (Mormon 8:35)” (Ensign, Nov. 2005, 6–7).

4. The Book of Mormon can bring us nearer to God.
Introduction to the Book of Mormon, D&C 84:54–58.

Pres. Benson: ““We … should know the Book of Mormon better than any other book. Not only should we know what history and faith-promoting stories it contains, but we should understand its teachings. If we really do our homework and approach the Book of Mormon doctrinally, we can expose the errors and find the truths to combat many of the current false theories and philosophies of men. I have noted within the Church a difference in discernment, insight, conviction, and spirit between those who know and love the Book of Mormon and those who do not. That book is a great sifter” (“Jesus Christ—Gifts and Expectations,” Ensign, Dec. 1988, 4).

Pres. Romney: “A few years ago as I began to practice law, members of my family were a little uneasy. They were afraid I would lose my faith. I wanted to practice law, but I had an even greater desire to keep my testimony, and so I decided upon a little procedure which I recommend to you. For thirty minutes each morning before I began the day’s work I read from the Book of Mormon—I read also from all the other standard works of the Church, but I am talking now about the Book of Mormon—and in just a few minutes a day I read the Book of Mormon through, every year, for nine years. I know that it kept me in harmony, so far as I did keep in harmony, with the Spirit of the Lord” (in Conference Report, Apr. 1949, 36).

Finally a quote from Pres. Hinckley issued over 10 years ago, with a renewed challenge to read the Book of Mormon this year, cover to cover: “I offer a challenge to members of the Church throughout the world and to our friends everywhere to read or reread the Book of Mormon. Very near the end of its 239 chapters, you will find a challenge issued by the prophet Moroni as he completed his record nearly 16 centuries ago. Said he: ‘And I exhort you to remember these things; for the time speedily cometh that ye shall know that I lie not, for ye shall see me at the bar of God; and the Lord God will say unto you: Did I not declare my words unto you, which were written by this man, like as one crying from the dead, yea, even as one speaking out of the dust? … And God shall show unto you, that that which I have written is true” (Moro. 10:27, 29).’ Without reservation I promise you that if each of you will observe this simple program, regardless of how many times you previously may have read the Book of Mormon, there will come into your lives and into your homes an added measure of the Spirit of the Lord, a strengthened resolution to walk in obedience to His commandments, and a stronger testimony of the living reality of the Son of God.”[6]

There are several free iOS and Android apps that allow you to plug in a Book of Mormon reading schedule to fit your timescale, ranging from 30 days to a year. Just search on the app store for “Book of Mormon reading.”



Book of Mormon Video

Elder Holland


Wednesday, December 16, 2015

NT#46: Revelation 6, 18-22 Questions & Commentary

(From the Gospel Doctrine Teacher’s Manual, Class Member Study Guide, and Student Manual)

Consider pondering Revelation 21:3, which tells of a future time when “the tabernacle of God is with men, and he will dwell with them, and they shall be his people, and God himself shall be with them, and be their God.”

“The first three chapters of the book of Revelation pertain to John’s time. The rest of the book deals with events that were future to John, from the Apostasy that occurred after the death of the Apostles to the Second Coming of Jesus Christ and the final judgment.” (New Testament Gospel Doctrine Teacher’s Manual [NTGDTM], 193.)

This week's lesson directs us to Revelation 6, in which four beasts identify some of the ways Satan has fought against the followers of Christ.. Regarding these four beasts, D&C 77:3-4 tells us “They are … four individual beasts, which were shown to John, to represent the glory of [such] beings … in the enjoyment of their eternal felicity… Their eyes are a representation of light and knowledge ... and their wings are a representation of power, to move, to act” and just as with us their bodies are in likeness of their spirits. 

... The Prophet Joseph Smith further explained, “Any man who would tell you [he] cannot believe in the salvation of beast ... would tell you that the revelations are not true. John heard the words of the beast giving glory to God, and understood them. God who made the beasts could understand every language spoken by them. The beasts were four of the most noble animals that filled the measure of their creation” (See History of the Church 5:343–44.)


... President Brigham Young said, “The animal, vegetable, and mineral kingdoms … the whole earth and all things pertaining to it, except men, abide the law of their Creator … and will be exalted.” (Journal of Discourses 2:302-303; 9:246).

In Revelation chapter 6, these beasts identify some of the ways Satan has fought against the followers of Christ. According to verses 4–8, what are some ways he has done this? 



re: Revelation 6:4 . . .
. . . President Gordon B. Hinckley said: “That war, so bitter, so intense, has gone on, and it has never ceased. It is the war between truth and error … between the followers of Christ and those who have denied Him. His enemies have used every stratagem in that conflict. They’ve indulged in lying and deceit. They’ve employed money and wealth. They’ve tricked the minds of men.…
“[Opposition] has been felt in the undying efforts of many, both within and without the Church, to destroy faith, to belittle, to demean, to bear false witness, to tempt and allure and induce [us] to practices inconsistent with the [wisdom] of God. …
“The war goes on…. It is waged in our own lives, day in and day out, in our homes, in our work, in our school associations; it is waged over questions of love and respect, of loyalty and fidelity, of obedience and integrity. We are all involved in it …” (See October 1986 Conference Report, 58; quoted in NTGDTM, 193.)

. . . President Ezra Taft Benson said: “Each day the forces of evil and the forces of good enlist new recruits. Each day we personally make many decisions showing the cause we support. The final outcome is certain—the forces of righteousness will win. But what remains to be seen is where each of us personally, now and in the future, will stand in this battle.” (See First Presidency Message, September 1988 Ensign, 2; quoted in NTGDTM, 194.)

Revelation 6:6 “indicates that a day’s wages would only buy a day’s worth of food for one person” (NTGDTM, 193; see also 3 Nephi 24:5). 


President Spencer W. Kimball said: “Profiting from others' weaknesses displeases God. Clean money is … income received from transactions where all parties profit. Filthy lucre is that money which comes … from exploitation … the sale of worthless goods … deceptions, excessive pricing, oppression to the poor ….
“[U]nprotected people are often oppressed, when economic circumstances place them in the position where they must accept what is offered or remain unemployed. And we sometimes justify ourselves in underpaying and even boast about it….
“There is the workman who steals time, [but also] the employer who oppresses and takes advantage of his employees . . . the merchant selling goods at marked-up prices … [the landlord] raising rents because of house shortage not because of increased costs of maintenance ...” (The Teachings of Spencer W. Kimball, pp.356, 359,196.)


President Brigham Young said that "the wine and the oil" represent "the virtue, truth, and holiness of this Gospel" and taught: "Let this people called Latter-day Saints examine themselves and be sure that they are right before God, and do as they should in all things, and hurt not the oil and the wine. Never pray for riches [Alma 3914; D&C 6:7; 11:7]; do not entertain such a foolish thought  . In my deep poverty, when I knew not where I could procure the next morsel of food for myself and family, I have prayed God to open the way that I might get something to [provide for the needs of] myself and family ... Those who do more than this are off more or less from the track that leads to life eternal." (Journal of Discourses 8:32; 7:41.)

Revelation 18:11–16) What are the dangers of setting our hearts on worldly things?

Citing Revelation 18:11-12 ...

... Joseph F. Smith said: “We should be prepared, not only to [make] our own wearing apparel, but also to make all our … household furniture [and] all that is necessary for the righteous and legitimate use of man, that when Babylon shall fall we may be prepared for it, and not be found among those who shall wail and lament” (Journal of Discourses 20:341).

.... President Brigham Young said: “Let us sustain ourselves, for by and by Babylon will fall.... The merchants will ...  look here and there for a customer; but there will be no one to buy their merchandise ... Is this day coming? Yes ... We are hastening it with all possible speed” (Journal of Discourses 13:87.)

re: Revelation 18:13  “‘… slaves, and souls of men’ … refers primarily to the abominable practice of human trafficking, but can also be seen as a reference to the spiritually enslaving consequences of materialism”(New Testament Student Manual).

Revelation 19:7-8) What does John’s (and Jesus's) symbolism for the Second Coming suggest about the relationship between the Lord and His Church?


“Those who keep the commandments of the Lord and walk in His statutes to the end are the only individuals permitted to sit at this glorious feast. … Reflect for a moment … and inquire whether you would consider yourselves worthy [of] a seat at the marriage feast.” (See Teachings of Presidents of the Church: Joseph Smith, 165–66.)

Revelation 19:15) [How will the Savior reign during the Millennium?]
 (See also 1 Nephi 15:23-24)


Revelation 20:1–3, ) [How will Satan be bound during the Millennium?]
 (See also 1 Nephi 22:26)

President Joseph F. Smith suggested that “the chain spoken of in the Bible, with which Satan is to be bound is figurative,” that he “will be bound… by the faith of the righteous” (New Testament Student Manual).

How can you limit the power of Satan in your life right now?

What are some Millennial conditions you would most like to experience?
See, for example, Isaiah 11:6-9: 65:21-24; D&C 101:26.

What is our role is bring these conditions about?
. . . The Prophet Joseph Smith taught: “How will the serpent ever lose his venom, while [men] continue to make war upon it? … [W]hen men lose their vicious dispositions and cease to destroy the animal race, the lion and the lamb [will] dwell together, and the child can play with the serpent in safety.” (History of the Church 2:71-72.)
. . . President George Q. Cannon of the First Presidency taught that during the Millenium “there will be no hunger, no thirst, no nakedness, no vagrants, no houseless people; all will have that which is necessary to supply their physical wants. But there will be no waste. One man will not be allowed to lord it over another and take possession of more than he needs.”  (See Cannon, Gospel Truth, 70.)

[Why will the Millennium end?]
re: Revelation 20:7 . . .
. . . Elder Orson Pratt explained: “When the period called the Millenium has passed … some … will rebel against God; not rebel in ignorance or dwindle in unbelief, as the Lamanites did; but they will sin willfully …” (Journal of Discourses 16:22).
. . . President George Q. Cannon taught: "After the thousand years [Satan] will regain some of his present power.  It will be as it was among the Nephites…. Men will arise who will object to working for the benefit of others; class distinctions will [reemerge]…” (Gospel Truth, 71.)

Revelation 21:3–7) After the last great battle and the final judgment, what blessings will the righteous enjoy?




Re: Revelation 21:8, the lake that burns with fire and brimstone” symbolizes the “torment of disappointment in the mind.” (See Teachings: Joseph Smith, 224.)

Revelation 21:22) Why won’t there be a temple in the celestial city?


Rev. 22:14) What must we do to be able to enter and live in that city?


President David O. McKay saw a beautiful vision of the celestial city “and the people following [the Savior who] were to abide there in peace and eternal happiness.  But who were they?  As if the Savior read my thoughts, He answered … These are they who have overcome the world.” (See NTGDTM, 195.)



Sunday, December 6, 2015

NT#44 The Epistles of John

In John 17:3, the Savior says eternal life is to know God.

In what sense is it necessary to know God to have eternal life?


Elder M. Russell Ballard has said: “Life eternal is predicated upon our own individual, personal knowledge of our Father in Heaven and His Holy Son. Simply knowing about them is not enough. We must have personal, spiritual experiences . . . through seeking them in the same intense, single-minded way that a hungry person seeks food.” (See April 1996 Conference ReportNew Testament Gospel Doctrine Teacher’s Manual, 185.) 

Elder Bruce R. McConkie taught: “It is one thing to know about God and another to know him…. To know God is to think what he thinks, to feel what he feels … and to do what he does.” (Doctrinal New Testament Commentary [DNTC], 1:762; quoted in New Testament Student Manual.)

1 John 2:3-4) Why do we need to keep the commandments to know God?


1 John 2:5-6How are love and keeping the commandments related?


The Prophet Joseph Smith said: “[We] have got to learn how to be Gods . . . the same as all Gods have done before” (April 1844 Conference Report [CR]).

Elder Lorenzo Snow said: “[H]eavenly Father has [attained] exaltation … and He points us out the same path; and … says, ‘Walk ye up and come in possession of the same glory and happiness that I possess’” (Journal of Discourses 5:313).

President Brigham Young, “The principles of truth and goodness, and of eternal lives … are from eternity to eternity … have ever existed and always will exist in all the eternities” ” (Journal of Discourses 11:234-235).

In 1 John 4:8, 16, what word did John use to describe God?

Why is that appropriate?


President Monson has said: “Our Heavenly Father’s plan contains the ultimate expressions of true love.” (Apr 1993 CRNew Testament Gospel Doctrine Teacher’s Manual, 183.)


President Ezra Taft Benson said “Everything [the Savior ever] did was prompted by His unselfish love for us” (Teachings of Presidents of the Church: Ezra Taft Benson, 94).

What expression of the Savior’s love does John cite in 1 John 3:16?


What can we learn from the following verses about how to show our love for God?

John 14:15)             



1 John 2:15)


Elder Bruce R. McConkie explained: “This world … belongs to Satan. He created it; he is its father and its god.… The earth itself is the Lord's, and He is its ruler; but the world (the corrupt society on earth) is under the rule of him who is the god of this world.” (See Mormon Doctrine, 324; see also Brigham Young, JD 9:246; Elder John Taylor, The Government of God, 85.)


1 John 3:17; 4:20; 5:2)


In summary, Elder Bruce R. McConkie said “[1] love is the foundation upon which all personal righteousness rests; [2] all the purposes and plans of Deity are based on his infinite and eternal love; and [3] if men [and women] will personify that love in their lives, they will become like the Lord himself and have eternal life with him.” (Doctrinal New Testament Commentary 3:371). 

New Testament Lesson #45 for 13 Dec 2015

New Testament Lesson # 45—Revelation 1–3, 12
“He that Overcometh Shall Inherit All Things

Ponderize Scripture: Revelation 2:7
He that hath an ear, let him hear what the Spirit saith . . . ; To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the tree of life, which is in the midst of the paradise of God.

Introduction
Northrop Frye described the Book of Revelation as a work that either finds a man mad or leaves him that way![1] But Joseph Smith said, “The book of Revelation is one of the plainest books God ever caused to be written.”[2] Excuse the pun, but obviously in order for us to understand it, we need the Spirit of Revelation. “The message of Revelation is the same as that of all scripture: there will be an eventual triumph on this earth of God over the devil; a permanent victory of good over evil, of the Saints over their persecutors, of the kingdom of God over the kingdoms of men and of Satan” (Bible Dictionary, “Revelation of John”).
According to the New Testament Institute manual, “Revelation was written at a time when Christians were facing false teachings, apathy, and severe persecution (see Revelation 1:9; 2:4, 10, 14–15; 3:16; 6:9). Most likely this persecution came at the hands of Roman officials in the later years of the reign of Domitian (A.D. 81–96). Domitian revived the practice of emperor worship and exiled or executed those who did not worship gods approved by the state. Ancient sources indicate that Christians and Jews were persecuted under his reign. John wrote from the island of Patmos, where according to tradition, he had been exiled by Roman officials ‘for the word of God, and for the testimony of Jesus Christ’ (Revelation 1:9).
Probably the best way to approach it, that I have found, is to realize that, for instance, when we sing Hark the Herald Angels Sing about Christ coming with “healing in His wings,” we don’t mean he actually has wings. If you talked about Pinterest to someone who had been frozen in time since as recently as 1990, for instance, they wouldn’t have the faintest idea what you are talking about. To a certain extent, the Apocalypse or Revelation given to John the Beloved, which he faithfully recorded, was given in metaphors he could understand. While not all of it can be decoded for modern readers, a lot can. This lesson only deals with 4 chapters, but if you want a more in-depth look at the Book of Revelation, the first volume in the BYU New Testament Commentary by Richard Draper and Michael Rhodes on The Revelation of John the Apostle is available electronically through Deseret Book.[3]
That being said, as we learn from the epistles of John, his overwhelming message is one of God’s love. An alternative name for the Revelation of John is the Apocalypse—this is a term that encompasses divine intervention in the lives of man, and this book is a testimony of just that: the Love of God manifesting itself in not only the grand scheme of things, but in the individual lives of His children.

1. John sees several symbols representing parts of the Church of Jesus Christ.

The JST of Revelation 1:1 clarifies that the book was indeed a revelation given to John by the Savior, Jesus Christ: “The Revelation of John, a servant of God, which was given unto him of Jesus Christ” (in the Bible appendix).

Symbolism in Revelation 1[4]
Verse
Symbol
Possible Interpretation
References
4
Seven spirits
Servants or leaders over the seven churches in Asia
6
Kings and priests
Those who receive exaltation in the celestial kingdom
8
Alpha and Omega
First and last letters of the Greek alphabet, representing Christ’s eternal role in God’s work
Revelation 1:4; Bible Dictionary, “Alpha”
Seven candlesticks
The seven churches that are to hold up the light of the gospel (see Revelation 2–3)
Right hand
Covenant hand and symbol of power; Christ holds the seven churches in His right hand
Seven stars
Another image representing the servants or leaders over the seven churches
Revelation 1:20; Joseph Smith Translation, Revelation 1:20 (in footnote b)
Sharp, two-edged sword
The word of God, pronouncing judgment on the wicked and freeing the innocent
Keys of hell and of death
Keys that unlock the doors of (overcome) spiritual and physical death

Elder Bruce R. McConkie said: “Candlesticks carry light; they do not create it. Their function is to make it available, not to bring it into being. So by using seven candlesticks to portray the seven churches to whom John is now to give counsel, the Lord is showing that his congregations on earth are to carry his light to the world” (Doctrinal New Testament Commentary, 3 vols. [1966–73], 3:442).

“In several places in the opening chapters, reference is made to “seven Spirits” (1:4; 3:1, 4:5) and “seven angels” (1:20; 2:1, 8, 12, 18; 3:1). As is, this makes it sound as though the seven spirits and the seven angels are different things. But the Prophet changed or explained all references to the seven Spirits and the seven angels to show that the seven Spirits and the seven angels both refer to the leaders of the seven churches (see JST for all of the above verses). John, who at this time is the leader of the Church, is writing to seven branches of the Church in Asia. The JST makes it clear that he specifically addresses the leaders (the bishops or branch presidents, as it were) of each of these branches.”[5]

2. The Lord tells the seven branches in Asia about the blessings promised to those who overcome.

To Ephesus (Revelation 2:1–7)
The Lord warned the Ephesians of their need to repent, but he also promised, “To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the tree of life.”
To Smyrna (Revelation 2:8–11)
The Lord warned the Saints in Smyrna that they would suffer tribulation, but he also promised, “He that overcometh shall not be hurt of the second death.”
To Pergamos (Revelation 2:12–17)
The Lord criticized some of the people in Pergamos for following the doctrine of Balaam, an Old Testament prophet who desired earthly honors and rewards more than he desired to follow the Lord’s will. To the Saints in Pergamos the Lord promised, “To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the hidden manna.”
To Thyatira (Revelation 2:18–29)
The Lord through John declaimed the sins prevalent in Thyatira, but promised “And he that bovercometh, and keepeth my works unto the end, to him will I give cpower over the nations: And he shall rule them with a arod of iron; as the bvessels of a potter shall they be broken to shivers: even as I received of my Father. And I will give him the morning astar.
To Sardis (Revelation 3:1–6)
Although not as sinful, apparently, as Thyatira, nevertheless the Lord warned them, but promised to those that, “overcometh, the same shall be clothed in bwhite craiment; and I will not dblot out his name out of the ebook of life, but I will fconfess his name before my Father, and before his angels.
To Philadelphia (Revelation 3:7–13)
Once again, the Lord promised to those who overcome, “I will write upon him the name of my God, and the name of the city of my God.”
To Laodicea (Revelation 3:14–22)
The Lord condemned the Saints in Laodicea who were “lukewarm, and neither cold nor hot” (Revelation 3:15–16). The Lord promised the Laodiceans, “To him that overcometh will I grant to sit with me in my throne, even as I also overcame, and am set down with my Father in his throne” (Revelation 3:21). What blessings are symbolized by the promise of sitting with the Lord on his throne? (See Romans 8:16–17.)
Doctrine and Covenants 132:20 is a summary of all the promises given to the seven churches.

3. John learns that the Saints overcome Satan through the Atonement of Jesus Christ and their testimonies.

“As one studies the book, it becomes clear that there are places in the chronological flow where the Lord pauses to teach us important information before moving on. A teacher may do this as he moves through a lecture, pausing in his logical development to say, ‘Now, before we go further, I need to make sure you understand something.’ Such teaching interludes seem to apply to John’s vision. For example:
1. The joy of those who are saved. (Rev. 7:9–17.) Before launching into a grim description of the judgments, John sees an innumerable company of the righteous—a powerful reminder that not all on earth will be wicked and will suffer God’s judgments.
“2. The ‘little book’ interlude. (Rev. 10:1–11.) In the midst of a vivid description of the great battle of Armageddon, there is another pause. An angel gives John a little book to eat, which we learn is a symbol of John’s ministry. (See D&C 77:14.) Since the Apostle was translated and was to live through all the events he saw, the Lord seems to pause to show him what part he will have in all of it.
“3. The ‘kingdoms’ interlude. (Rev. 12–14.) This is the longest and perhaps the most difficult interlude to understand. The three chapters seem to comprise an overview of mankind’s history from the premortal existence to the Second Coming, as it pertains to the kingdoms of the Lamb (Jesus Christ) and the dragon (Satan). When John hears that the kingdoms of the world are to become the kingdoms of Christ (see 11:15), it is as though the Lord stops to teach more about these two different classes of kingdoms. …
“4. Another interlude that recounts the joy of those who are saved, similar to the first. (Rev. 15.)” (“Seeing the Book of Revelation as a Book of Revelation,” Ensign, Dec. 1987, 52).

The JST is of great help here. “And there appeared a great sign in heaven, in the likeness of things on the earth; a woman clothed with the sun, and the moon under her feet, and upon her head a crown of twelve stars. And the woman being with child, cried, travailing in birth, and pained to be delivered. And she brought forth a man child, who was to rule all nations with a rod of iron; and her child was caught up unto God and his throne. … And the dragon prevailed not against Michael, neither the child, nor the woman which was the church of God, who had been delivered of her pains, and brought forth the kingdom of our God and his Christ” (Joseph Smith Translation, Revelation 12:1–3, 7 [in the Bible appendix]).

President Wilford Woodruff said: “There are two powers on the earth and in the midst of the inhabitants of the earth—the power of God and the power of the devil. … When God has had a people on the earth, it matters not in what age, Lucifer, the son of the morning, and the millions of fallen spirits that were cast out of heaven, have warred against God, against Christ, against the work of God, and against the people of God. And they are not backward in doing it in our day and generation. Whenever the Lord set His hand to perform any work, those powers labored to overthrow it” (quoted by Gordon B. Hinckley, Ensign, Nov. 1986, 43).

Elder Bruce R. McConkie described the conflict that occurred in heaven: “What kind of war? The same kind that prevails on earth; the only kind Satan and spirit beings can wage—a war of words, a tumult of opinions, a conflict of ideologies; a war between truth and error, between light and darkness. … And the battle lines are still drawn. It is now on earth as it was then in heaven; every man must choose which general he will follow” (Doctrinal New Testament Commentary, 3:518).

President Packer, “[Satan] is determined to disrupt our Heavenly Father’s plan and seeks to control the minds and actions of all. This influence is spiritual, and he ‘is abroad in the land’ [D&C 52:14].
“But despite the opposition, trials, and temptations, you need not fail or fear. . . . Youth today are being raised in enemy territory with a declining standard of morality. But as a servant of the Lord, I promise that you will be protected and shielded from the attacks of the adversary if you will heed the promptings that come from the Holy Spirit” (“Counsel to Youth,” Ensign, Nov. 2011, 16, 18).

Elder Christofferson, “The gospel of Jesus Christ opens the path to what we may become. Through the Atonement of Jesus Christ and His grace, our failures to live the celestial law perfectly and consistently in mortality can be erased and we are enabled to develop a Christlike character. Justice demands, however, that none of this happen without our willing agreement and participation. It has ever been so. Our very presence on earth as physical beings is the consequence of a choice each of us made to participate in our Father’s plan.”[6]